Understanding HIV risk
If one has unprotected sex and fears that one has been exposed to HIV, there are few things to understand. First, studies show that a single act of unprotected sex may not pose a significant risk. Generally, even if a person had unprotected sex with HIV positive person, still the risk of catching the infection is less than 1%. However, the risk is much higher, about 15%, if using contaminated needles. That being said, it is highly recommended to consider PEP after any possible HIV exposure.
Researchers think that such a low risk of infection may be explained by a low viral load in some of those living with HIV. Additionally, the risk of catching an infection may be higher if a person is living with another STD and thus a non-intact mucous membrane.
Even if HIV has entered the person’s body, it needs some time to enter cells in which it can start producing its copies. This is the reason why PEP is highly effective when taken within 24 hours of exposure.
However, once HIV has started producing its copies, it can make millions of copies every hour. Since it can multiply so quickly, preventing its further multiplication is challenging after 72 hours. After about three days, it becomes fully established inside the body.
Who must consider HIV PEP Treatment?
PEP is not for regular use; it is an emergency measure. Moreover, it only works when medications are taken within 72 hours. Examples of some emergencies in which PEP may help:
- Breakage or slipping of the protection sheath when having sex
- Sex with a person known to be HIV positive
- Sex with someone who has risky behaviour and whose HIV status is unclear
- Sharing contaminated needles
- Exposure to the blood or semen through an open cut, wound, sores, or ulcers
- Sexual assault
PEP may also be used to prevent HIV due to occupational exposure, like exposure to blood in an operating theatre and more.
Getting started with PEP Treatment in Malaysia
HIV PEP is started based on the patient’s history. Anyone who thinks they were probably exposed to HIV can ask for PEP. No test is required to start PEP, as no test can detect HIV in such an early stage. However, if PEP is given within 72 hours, it can help prevent infection in 90% of cases.
PEP medications have been well-tested for years, and they are safe. These medications are also used to treat HIV infection. Since PEP therapy is for such a short term, it would rarely cause any side effects, but it can help prevent HIV from taking hold of your body and start multiplying.
Generally, PEP therapy is given for 28 days. In most cases, doctors would prescribe one pill a day, though in some cases, they might prescribe two pills a day.
