Understanding Phimosis
Under normal circumstances, the foreskin gradually loosens as a male child grows older, typically fully separating from the penis head by around the age of six. However, in some cases, this process does not occur as expected, resulting in a tight foreskin that causes distress and discomfort. While mild cases of phimosis are relatively common, affecting approximately 1% of adults, more severe instances may require medical intervention.
Recognising the Signs
Phimosis can manifest in various ways, with symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to significant pain and inflammation. Some common signs to watch for include:
- Redness and discolouration of the foreskin, often due to irritation or infection
- Swelling or inflammation, particularly during sexual activity or as a result of infection
- Soreness or discomfort, especially when attempting to retract the foreskin
- Pain or discomfort during urination or sexual intercourse
While phimosis itself may not pose significant problems during urination, it can lead to complications such as infections or inflammatory changes in the foreskin. However, the primary reason individuals seek medical attention is often pain or discomfort during sexual activity or inflammation following intercourse.
Exploring the Causes
The underlying causes of phimosis can vary, with some cases arising from anatomical differences or poor hygiene practices. However, certain factors may increase the risk of developing phimosis, including:
- Poor hygiene leading to frequent local infections and tightening of the foreskin
- Dermatological conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, or lichen sclerosus affecting the genital area
- Injuries or trauma to the foreskin
- Infections, including sexually transmitted diseases, causing inflammation and scarring
